Periodontal Disease

What is Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal disease is a chronic, serious infection that if left untreated can lead to loss of the supporting structures of the teeth, and eventually to tooth loss.

Dental plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease in genetically-susceptible individuals. Plaque is a sticky colorless film, composed primarily of food particles and various types of bacteria, which adhere to your teeth at and below the gum line. Plaque constantly forms on your teeth, even minutes after cleaning. Bacteria found in plaque produce toxins or poisons that irritate the gums. Gums may become inflamed, red, swollen, and bleed easily. If this irritation is prolonged, the gums separate from the teeth causing pockets (spaces) to form. If daily brushing and flossing is neglected, plaque can also harden into a rough, porous substance known as calculus (or tartar). This can occur both above and below the gum line.

Periodontal disease is dangerous in that it is often painless and symptomless. 80% of Americans will be afflicted with periodontal disease by age 45, and 4 out of 5 patients with the disease are unaware they have it. It is important to maintain proper home oral care and regular dental visits to reduce the risk of obtaining this disease.

To assess your risk for Periodontal Disease, please refer to the Risk Assessment Test from the American Academy of Periodontology.